Information System (IS) in MIS
In Management Information Systems (MIS), an information system is a structured system that employs technology, people, and processes to gather, process, store, and distribute data in order to support organizational decision-making, coordination, and control.
MIS integrates a number of components, including databases, hardware, software, and procedures, to transform unprocessed data into meaningful information for managerial use through analysis and reporting.
Characteristics of Information System in MIS
Management-oriented:
The system was created with management's requirements and objectives for operational, tactical, and strategic control in mind.
System approach:
It adopts an inclusive, comprehensive perspective of the organization's operations and sees it as a system of interrelated subsystems.
Integrated:
It avoids redundancy and provides a complete picture of the organization by combining different subsystems via shared data flows.
Need-based:
It concentrates on meeting the particular information needs of managers at all organizational levels.
Reliable and accurate:
It avoids estimations whenever feasible and analyzes data accurately to produce reliable information for decision-making.
Computerized:
This technology-based method uses computers to process and report data effectively.
Heavy planning element:
Extensive, long-term planning is necessary for the design and implementation of an MIS, which frequently takes several years.
Common data flows:
To ensure consistency and integration, data is shared from a single, centralized database among several subsystems.
Types of Information System in MIS
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS):
These systems serve as the foundation for a management information system (MIS) by managing and documenting the everyday, routine transactions required to operate a firm.
Management Reporting Systems:
Produce reports for middle and operational management, frequently summarizing TPS data to support control and management.
Decision Support Systems (DSS):
Assist managers in making more effective, frequently semi-structured decisions by utilizing both internal and external data.
Executive Information Systems (EIS):
Help in strategy planning by giving senior executives easy-to-read summaries of company data.
Expert Systems (ES):
Use AI to mimic a human expert's knowledge and discretion to offer guidance on particular issues.
Process Control Systems:
Keep an eye on and manage industrial or physical processes, such as manufacturing or power production.
